The Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test provides information about inner ear (cochlea) and brain function for hearing. Electrodes are placed around the ear to assess the hearing capacity of any adult, child or even a new-born baby.
Stomach lining secretes hydrochloric acid in the stomach which helps in the digestion of food. A deficiency of hydrochloric acid secretion is called Achlorhydria.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a ligament which runs diagonally deep inside the knee from the thigh bone to the top of the larger bone in the lower leg. The ligament maintains the position of the knee and prevents it from sliding it backwards. Any injury to it is called an ACL injury.
A potential medical emergency characterised by severe abdominal pain which usually requires immediate surgical intervention. An acute abdomen can be due to a problem with abdominal organs like appendicitis (inflamed appendix), cholecystitis (inflamed gallbladder), a perforated ulcer in the intestine, or a ruptured spleen.
An unusual reaction of your immune system to a foreign substance like food, drugs, dust, animals, metals, etc. is called an allergy.
Complete or partial loss of memory is called amnesia. Antegrade amnesia refers to a lack of memory of events occurring after a traumatic event, while retrograde amnesia refers to a lack of memory of events that occurred before the event.
The branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms is called anatomy. Observation, dissection of a dead specimen and microscopic examinations are some ways to study anatomy.
An abnormal and persistent fear of bacilli (bacteria). A phobia is an unreasonable sort of fear that can cause avoidance and panic. Phobias are a relatively common type of anxiety disorder.
The branch of medicine which deals with the study and treatment of obesity. A Bariatric specialist provides management of obesity in the form of diet and nutrition counselling, exercise training, behaviour modification and surgery
Bed sores are also called pressure sores. It is a sensitive reddish area of degenerating, ulcerated skin caused by prolonged pressure and lack of movement, and worsened by exposure to urine or other irritants on the skin. Bedsores most often develop on skin that covers bony areas of the body, such as the heels, ankles, hips and tailbone.
Belching or burping is the natural process of releasing air and gas from the mouth, the gas accumulates in the stomach, thereby relieving distension.
The process of removing tissue from a live human or animal to verify the presence of any disease, identify the cause of the disease and evaluate the extent of illness progression. A biopsy is usually done for the diagnosis of cancer.
Also called bleb or bulla, it is the collection of fluid underneath the top layer of skin. There are many causes of blisters, including burns, friction and diseases of the skin.
Stands for Body mass index. BMI is defined as body mass divided by the square of the body height. A patient is categorised as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese as per BMI. BMI is used to predict the risk of chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes in a patient.
Bone marrow is the soft, spongy, gelatinous tissue found in the hollow spaces in the interior of large bones like hip and thigh bones. It contains stem cells which produce different types of blood cells.
Bradycardia is defined as a slow heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute. The condition can cause symptoms like fatigue, weakness, dizziness, and fainting.
The major air passage of the lungs which diverge from the end of wind pipe.
The bypass is a surgical procedure of creating an alternative passage to divert the flow of blood or other bodily fluid or dodges an obstructed or diseased organ. Bypass surgeries are done on various organs like heart, intestine and stomach.
Calcinosis is a term used to describe a group of disorders in which small white calcium lumps are formed under the skin. Calcinosis may range from one very tiny deposit to large (and often painful) clusters or lumps which may break through the skin and leak a chalky white liquid. Although they may appear anywhere but they most commonly occur on the hands, or near joints such as elbows or knees
A calorie is a unit used to measure the amount of energy in food and beverages. To lose weight, you need to eat fewer calories than your body burns each day.
Cardiology is a branch of medicine which deals with diagnosis, treatment and management of heart-related problems.
The carotid arteries are the major blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the head, brain and face. There are two carotid arteries, located on each side of the neck.
Cellulitis is an acute bacterial infection of the skin and tissues beneath the skin and may also spread to lymph nodes and bloodstream. Cellulitis appears as a swollen, red area of skin that feels hot and tender. A person with cellulitis can also develop fever and/or swollen lymph nodes in the area of the infection. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are the types of bacteria that are usually responsible for cellulitis.
It is also known as gallbladder which is a pear-shaped organ attached by ducts to the liver. Bile (a digestive fluid produced by the liver) is stored in the cholecyst before it is released in to the small intestine.
Cilia are microscopic, hair-like projections present on the surface of animal cells. Cilia are of two types: motile and non-motile cilia.
Colon is the long, coiled, tube like an organ of the digestive system where final digestion of food occurs. It is also known as the large intestine. It absorbs water, salts and important nutrients from the digested food and expels the remaining material to the rectum which is then removed out of the body in the form of stools.
It is also known as first milk. It is a sticky white or yellow fluid secreted by the breasts during the first few days after giving birth. It is low in fat and contains a high amount of carbohydrates, protein, and antibodies. Antibody levels in colostrums can be 100 times higher than levels in regular cow’s milk.
Medical consultation is a meeting between the patient and the doctor where the doctor reviews the patient’s medical history, examines the patient, discusses patient’s problem, and accordingly gives a recommendation for diagnostics, treatment, and medication.
The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a progressive (the disease gets worse over time) lung disease that creates difficulty in breathing and obstruction of the airways. Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of COPD.
Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the lack of oxygen in the blood. Cyanosis is associated with cold temperatures, heart failure, lung diseases, etc.
A condition in which the body becomes weakened or lacks strength due to long term disease.
A defibrillator is a device in which a therapeutic dose of electric current is given to the heart to treat life threatening conditions that affect the normal heart rate such as cardiac arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.
A deformity is a condition in which a part of the body or organ varies from the normal or expected shape and size, due to an accident or genetic abnormality.
Dehydration is a condition that occurs when the body loses more fluid than the amount of water that is consumed. Dehydration can be mild, moderate, or severe, based on how much fluid is lost or not replaced. Severe dehydration can lead to death.
Delirium is an acutely disturbed state of mind characterised by restlessness, illusions, incoherence, occurring in intoxication, fever and other disorders.
Fever caused due to viral infection of dengue virus transmitted to the body by a mosquito bite.
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